EU Obligations for Businesses ESPR & Digital Product Passport
The EU Ecodesign Regulation (ESPR) is making the Digital Product Passport mandatory step by step. Learn what obligations are coming for your business.
Notice
This page provides an overview of current EU regulations. The delegated acts with specific product requirements are being published gradually. For legally binding information, consult the official EU documents.
The ESPR Regulation at a Glance
The Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR), Regulation (EU) 2024/1781, was published in the Official Journal of the European Union on 28 June 2024. It forms the legal framework for the Digital Product Passport.
Scope
Nearly all physical products placed on the EU market. Exceptions: food, animal feed, medical devices.
Addressees
Manufacturers, importers, authorized representatives and distributors offering products on the EU market.
Entry into Force
18 July 2024. Delegated acts with product-specific requirements follow in phases.
Enforcement
National market surveillance authorities monitor compliance. Sanctions apply for violations.
Specific Obligations for Businesses
DPP Creation
For regulated product categories, a Digital Product Passport must be created and linked to each product. The DPP must contain all prescribed data fields.
Mandatory from the effective date for each product category
Attach Data Carrier
A QR code, Data Matrix or NFC chip must be attached to the product, packaging or accompanying documents and link to the DPP.
Cost-effective implementation - QR codes on labels or packaging
Keep Data Current
The DPP must remain accessible and up to date throughout the entire product lifetime. Changes to certificates or materials must be tracked.
Regular maintenance required - an automated system saves time
Material Documentation
Complete documentation of material composition including substances of very high concern (SVHC) according to REACH regulation.
Requires supplier communication for supply chain data
Sustainability Metrics
Carbon footprint, energy efficiency, repairability score, recyclability and expected lifespan using defined calculation methods.
Calculation methods are defined in the delegated acts
Repairability Information
Availability of spare parts, repair instructions and information on product disassembly.
Applies especially to electronics and household appliances
Timeline by Industry
| Industry | DPP Mandatory From | Legal Basis | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Batteries & Accumulators | 2027 | EU Battery Regulation 2023/1542 | Adopted |
| Textiles & Clothing | 2028 (expected) | ESPR - Delegated Act | In Preparation |
| Electronics & ICT | 2028 (expected) | ESPR - Delegated Act | In Preparation |
| Furniture | 2029 (expected) | ESPR - Delegated Act | Planned |
| Tires | 2029 (expected) | ESPR - Delegated Act | Planned |
| Steel & Aluminum | 2030+ (expected) | ESPR - Delegated Act | Planned |
| Plastics | 2030+ (expected) | ESPR - Delegated Act | Planned |
| Construction Materials | 2030+ (expected) | CPR / ESPR | Planned |
Consequences of Non-Compliance
Sales ban — Products without a valid DPP may not be offered on the EU market.
Fines — The amount is set by national authorities and depends on the severity and duration of the violation.
Recalls — Authorities can order the withdrawal of non-compliant products.
Reputational damage — Lack of transparency is viewed negatively by consumers and trading partners.
Checklist: Prepare Now
Check product categories: Are your products affected by the ESPR?
Conduct data inventory: What product data do you already have available digitally?
Analyze supply chain: Can suppliers provide the required data?
Collect certificates: Archive all valid certificates digitally.
Gather sustainability data: Have carbon footprint and energy efficiency calculated.
Choose DPP platform: Evaluate technical solutions for DPP creation.
Start pilot project: Begin with one product and gather experience.
Train team: Inform employees about DPP requirements.