Frequently Asked Questions about the Digital Product Passport
Everything you need to know about the DPP — from EU obligations to the timeline to technical implementation.
What is a Digital Product Passport (DPP)?
A Digital Product Passport is a standardized digital dataset that contains all relevant information about a product. This includes material composition, origin, sustainability data, certificates and disposal instructions. The DPP is made accessible via a QR code or NFC chip on the product.
When does the Digital Product Passport become mandatory?
The EU is introducing the DPP in phases. From 2027, it is mandatory for batteries and accumulators (EU Battery Regulation). Textiles and electronics are expected to follow in 2028, furniture in 2029. More product categories will be added gradually from 2030.
Which companies need to create a DPP?
In principle, all companies that place physical products on the EU market - manufacturers, importers and retailers with private labels. The obligation applies regardless of company size once the respective product category is regulated.
What does creating a Digital Product Passport cost?
The costs depend on the complexity of the supply chain and data availability. With OpenProductData you can start for free and create initial DPPs. For companies with many products, we offer scalable solutions that are significantly cheaper than custom development.
What data must be included in a DPP?
The exact requirements vary by product category. Generally, a DPP includes: product identification (name, GTIN), material composition, origin information, sustainability data (carbon footprint, energy efficiency), certificates, repairability score and disposal instructions.
How does the DPP differ from a product data sheet?
A product data sheet is a static document with technical specifications. The DPP is a dynamic, machine-readable dataset that is standardized, can be queried via APIs and covers the entire supply chain. It is also accessible directly on the product via QR codes.
What happens if I don't have a DPP?
Once the DPP obligation applies to your product category, you can no longer legally place products without a valid DPP on the EU market. Fines and sales bans are possible. Starting early gives you time to collect data and build processes.
Do SMEs also need a Digital Product Passport?
Yes, the DPP obligation applies regardless of company size. However, there will be simplified procedures for small and medium-sized enterprises. Platforms like OpenProductData make creation particularly easy and cost-effective for SMEs.
Which product categories are affected?
The ESPR regulation affects almost all physical products in the EU. Priority categories are: batteries, textiles, electronics/ICT, furniture, tires, steel, aluminum, plastics and construction materials. Exceptions include food, animal feed, medical devices and vehicles (which have their own regulations).
How is the DPP attached to the product?
The DPP is made accessible via a QR code on the packaging, label or the product itself. The QR code links to the public product page with all DPP information. Alternatively, NFC chips or data matrix codes can be used.
Can I import existing product data?
Yes, OpenProductData offers a REST API through which you can import existing product data from ERP systems, PIM systems or Excel files. The API supports creating and updating all product data programmatically.
How secure is my data on OpenProductData?
Your data is transmitted encrypted (HTTPS) and stored securely. Only published product data is publicly visible. Drafts and internal data remain private. Passwords are hashed with bcrypt, and all forms are secured with CSRF protection.
What is the difference between DPP and GS1 Digital Link?
GS1 Digital Link is a standard for linking barcodes with digital information. The DPP uses similar concepts but goes further: it defines mandatory data content (sustainability, materials, repairability) and is legally required. GS1 Digital Link can serve as an access point for the DPP.
How does the OpenProductData API work?
OpenProductData offers a REST API with JSON responses. Public product data can be retrieved without authentication. The API supports product search, individual product queries and delivers all DPP-relevant data in structured form. Rate limits protect the API from overload.
Still have questions?
Start for free and try OpenProductData yourself.